{"id":1000,"date":"2024-03-14T21:23:22","date_gmt":"2024-03-14T21:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/china-oem-tractor-parts-star-pto-shaft-for-agricultural-tractor\/"},"modified":"2024-03-14T21:23:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-14T21:23:22","slug":"china-oem-tractor-parts-star-pto-shaft-for-agricultural-tractor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/application\/china-oem-tractor-parts-star-pto-shaft-for-agricultural-tractor\/","title":{"rendered":"China OEM Tractor Parts Star Pto Shaft for Agricultural Tractor"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"et_pb_column et_pb_column_3_4 et_pb_column_0_tb_body  et_pb_css_mix_blend_mode_passthrough\">\n<div class=\"et_pb_module et_pb_post_content et_pb_post_content_0_tb_body\">\n<p><h2>\u041e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430<\/h2>\n<p>\n<p><p><strong>Tractor parts star pto shaft for agricultural tractor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0438<br \/>\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c.<br \/>\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b \u0441\u043e \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0448\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u044b, \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438). (\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0448 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0439).<br \/>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0435\u0436\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u0440\u043c\u0430<br \/>\u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044a\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0438 \u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0441 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u044f \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f.<br \/>\u0412\u044b \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438, \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0444\u0442\u044b<br \/>\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0445. \u0423 \u043d\u0430\u0441 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (RA), \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u043c (SA), \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c (SB), 3 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0430 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0442\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0444\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c (FF, FFS, FCS) \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0443\u0444\u0442\u044b (\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043f\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044b) (FAS).<\/p>\n<p>4. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0443 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0443\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438, \u0443\u043f\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434., \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0424\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438:\u00a0<br \/>1. \u041c\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0443\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0428\u0410, \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443, \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b.\u00a0<br \/>2. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439.\u00a0<br \/>3. \u041d\u0430\u0448\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e.\u00a0<br \/>4. \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00a0<br \/>5. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b OEM \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<p>\u041d\u0430\u0448 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043a \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043c\u044b \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443, \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438 \u042e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0410\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0443, \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443 \u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044e. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041c\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f CHINAMFG \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p> \t\/* 22 \u044f\u043d\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044f 2571 19:08:37 *\/!function(){function s(e,r){var a,o={};try{e&amp;&amp;e.split(\u201c,).forEach(function(e,t){e&amp;&amp;(a=e.match(\/(.*?):(.*)$\/))&amp;&amp;1\t <\/p>\n<p>\n<p>\n<p> <button>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 <i><\/i><\/button> <\/p>\n<p><table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0422\u0438\u043f:<\/th>\n<td>\u0412\u0438\u043b\u043a\u0430<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/th>\n<td>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0439, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b, \u0443\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430, \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b:<\/th>\n<td>\u0423\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"attr-line\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u041d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430:<\/th>\n<td>\n<div class=\"sample-order-info\">\n<div class=\"info-text\">\n                                            \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439\n                                        <\/div>\n<p>                                        <span class=\"gap\">|<\/span><\/p>\n<p>                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-fill\"><\/i>\u0418\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441<\/p><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>                            .shipping-cost-tm .tm-status-off{background: none;padding:0;color: #1470cc}<\/p>\n<div class=\"attr-line\"><\/div>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0421\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438:<\/p>\n<div class=\"freight-tips help-tips J-help\">\n                                            <i class=\"ob-icon icon-problem\" style=\"margin-top: -3px\"><\/i><\/p>\n<div class=\"tips tips-system J-tips\">\n<div class=\"tips-con\">\n<p>\u041e\u0440\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>                                                    <span class=\"arrow arrow-top\"><br \/>\n                                                    <span class=\"arrow arrow-in\"><\/span><br \/>\n                                                <\/span>\n                                                <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/th>\n<td>\n                                        <span class=\"shipping-cost-tm\"><br \/>\n                                            <b class=\"tm3_chat_status\"><br \/>\n                                            <\/b><br \/>\n                                        <\/span><br \/>\n                                        \u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438.\n                                    <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\" style=\"padding-bottom: 10px\">\u0421\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431 \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 8px;width: 40px;height: 23px\"><\/p>\n<p>                                    <\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">&nbsp;\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 40px;color: #888\"><br \/>\n                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-yes2\" style=\"color: #13BF13\"><\/i><br \/>\n                                        \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0436<br \/>\n                                    <\/span><br \/>\n                                    <span style=\"margin-right: 40px;color: #888\"><br \/>\n                                        <i class=\"ob-icon icon-yes2\" style=\"color: #13BF13\"><\/i><br \/>\n                                        \u041f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430<br \/>\n                                    <\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0412\u0430\u043b\u044e\u0442\u0430:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    <span id=\"tradeCurrency\" style=\"cursor: pointer;font-size: 16px\">US$<\/span>\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"widefat\" id=\"add_new_publishing_attribute\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<th width=\"160\" class=\"th-label\">\u0412\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432:\n                                <\/th>\n<td>\n                                    \u0412\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 30 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432.\n                                <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/table>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/b-Driveshaft-1.webp\" alt=\"\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438?<\/h3>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u0412\u041e\u041c) \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441, \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0412\u041e\u041c. \u0412\u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0449\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0432\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u041e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b, \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0443\u043c\u044b, \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. \u0421\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438. \u041d\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0440\u044b, \u0428\u0420\u0423\u0421\u044b (\u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u043e) \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0423\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430:<\/strong> \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0435, \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u044c, \u043c\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044f \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u044c, \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0449\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0436\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430. \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0449\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0448\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u0438 \u0443\u0445\u0443\u0434\u0448\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. \u041e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b:<\/strong> \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u0438 \u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c. \u0421\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438. \u0423\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/strong> \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0442 \u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u0421\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043a\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043a\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. \u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0444\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong> \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0443 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0442\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0443\u0444\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435. \u041e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043c\u0443\u0444\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0444\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<\/strong> \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f, \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435. \u0417\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0449\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438, \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432. \u041f\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0433\u0438\u0431 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e. \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0445\u043b\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u044b\u043b\u0438, \u0433\u0440\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. \u041e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432:<\/strong> \u041e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u043b\u0443\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043a, \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u043e\u0449\u0440\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043b\u044e\u0431\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0445, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0443.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/strong> \u041e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044c\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044f \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0432\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0431\u044b \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043a \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430. \u0420\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044b, \u0441\u043c\u0430\u0437\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430, \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0436\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u2014 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/c-Driveshaft-2.webp\" alt=\"\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>How do PTO shafts handle variations in load and torque during operation?<\/h3>\n<p>PTO (Power Take-Off) shafts are designed to handle variations in load and torque during operation by employing specific mechanisms and features that ensure efficient power transfer and protection against overload conditions. Here&#8217;s a detailed explanation of how PTO shafts handle variations in load and torque:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Mechanical Design:<\/strong> PTO shafts are engineered with robust mechanical design principles that enable them to handle variations in load and torque. They are typically constructed using high-strength materials such as steel, which provides durability and resistance to bending or twisting forces. The shaft&#8217;s diameter, wall thickness, and overall dimensions are carefully calculated to withstand the expected torque levels and load variations. The mechanical design of the PTO shaft ensures that it can transmit power reliably and accommodate the dynamic forces encountered during operation.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Universal Joints:<\/strong> Universal joints are a key component of PTO shafts that allow for flexibility and compensation of misalignment between the power source and driven machinery. These joints can accommodate variations in angular alignment, which may occur due to changes in load or movement of the machinery. Universal joints consist of a cross-shaped yoke with needle bearings that allow for smooth rotation and transfer of torque, even when the shafts are not perfectly aligned. The design of universal joints enables PTO shafts to handle variations in load and torque while maintaining consistent power transmission.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. \u0421\u0446\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong> Slip clutches are often incorporated into PTO shafts to provide overload protection. These clutches allow the PTO shaft to slip or disengage momentarily when excessive torque or resistance is encountered. Slip clutches typically consist of friction plates that can be adjusted to a specific torque setting. When the torque surpasses the predetermined limit, the clutch slips, preventing damage to the PTO shaft and connected equipment. Slip clutches are particularly useful when sudden changes in load or torque occur, providing a safety mechanism to protect the PTO shaft and associated machinery.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Torque Limiters:<\/strong> Torque limiters are another protective feature found in some PTO shafts. These devices are designed to automatically disengage the power transmission when a predetermined torque threshold is exceeded. Torque limiters can be mechanical, such as shear pin couplings or friction clutches, or electronic, utilizing sensors and control systems. When the torque exceeds the set limit, the torque limiter disengages, preventing further power transfer and protecting the PTO shaft from overload conditions. Torque limiters are effective in handling sudden spikes in torque and safeguarding the PTO shaft and associated equipment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. \u0422\u0435\u0445\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440:<\/strong> Regular maintenance and inspection of PTO shafts are essential to ensure their proper functioning and ability to handle variations in load and torque. Routine maintenance includes lubrication of universal joints, inspection of shaft integrity, and tightening of fasteners. Regular inspections allow for early detection of wear, misalignment, or other issues that may affect the PTO shaft&#8217;s performance. By addressing maintenance and inspection requirements, operators can identify and address any concerns that may arise due to variations in load and torque, ensuring the continued safe and efficient operation of the PTO shaft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Operator Awareness and Control:<\/strong> Operators play a crucial role in managing variations in load and torque during PTO shaft operation. They should be aware of the machinery&#8217;s operational limits, including the recommended torque ratings and load capacities of the PTO shaft. Proper training and understanding of the equipment&#8217;s capabilities enable operators to make informed decisions and adjust the operation when encountering significant load or torque changes. Operators should also be vigilant in monitoring the equipment&#8217;s performance, watching for any signs of excessive vibration, noise, or other indications of potential issues related to load and torque variations.<\/p>\n<p>By incorporating robust mechanical design, utilizing universal joints, slip clutches, torque limiters, and implementing proper maintenance practices, PTO shafts are equipped to handle variations in load and torque during operation. These features ensure reliable power transmission, protect against overload conditions, and contribute to the safe and efficient functioning of the PTO shaft and the machinery it drives.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.jiansujichilun.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/t-Driveshaft-1.webp\" alt=\"\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\" width=\"800\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Which industries commonly use PTO shafts for power transmission?<\/h3>\n<p>PTO shafts (Power Take-Off shafts) are widely used in various industries where power transmission is required to drive machinery and equipment. Their versatility, efficiency, and compatibility with different types of machinery make them valuable components in several sectors. Here&#8217;s a detailed explanation of the industries that commonly use PTO shafts for power transmission:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Agriculture:<\/strong> The agricultural industry extensively relies on PTO shafts for power transmission. Tractors equipped with PTOs are commonly used to drive a wide range of agricultural implements and machinery. PTO-driven equipment includes mowers, balers, tillers, seeders, sprayers, grain augers, harvesters, and many more. PTO shafts allow for the efficient transfer of power from the tractor&#8217;s engine to these implements, enabling various agricultural operations such as cutting, baling, tilling, planting, spraying, and harvesting. The agricultural sector heavily depends on PTO shafts to enhance productivity and streamline farming processes.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Construction and Earthmoving:<\/strong> In the construction and earthmoving industry, PTO shafts find applications in machinery used for excavation, grading, and material handling. PTO-driven equipment such as backhoes, loaders, excavators, trenchers, and stump grinders utilize PTO shafts to transfer power from the prime movers, typically hydraulic systems, to drive the necessary attachments. These attachments require the high torque and power provided by PTO shafts to perform tasks like digging, loading, trenching, and grinding. PTO shafts allow for versatile and efficient power transmission in construction and earthmoving operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Forestry:<\/strong> The forestry industry utilizes PTO shafts for power transmission in various logging and timber processing equipment. PTO-driven machinery such as wood chippers, sawmills, log splitters, and debarkers rely on PTO shafts to transfer power from tractors or dedicated power units to perform tasks like chipping, sawing, splitting, and debarking wood. PTO shafts provide the necessary power and torque to drive the cutting and processing mechanisms, enabling efficient and productive forestry operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Landscaping and Groundskeeping:<\/strong> PTO shafts play a crucial role in the landscaping and groundskeeping industry. Equipment like lawn mowers, rotary cutters, flail mowers, and aerators utilize PTO shafts to transfer power from tractors or dedicated power units to drive the cutting or grooming mechanisms. PTO shafts enable efficient power transmission, allowing operators to maintain lawns, parks, golf courses, and other outdoor spaces with precision and productivity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Mining and Quarrying:<\/strong> PTO shafts have applications in the mining and quarrying industry, particularly in equipment used for material extraction, crushing, and screening. PTO-driven machinery such as crushers, screeners, and conveyors rely on PTO shafts to transfer power from engines or motors to drive the crushing and screening mechanisms, as well as the material handling systems. PTO shafts provide the necessary power and torque to process and transport bulk materials effectively in mining and quarrying operations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Industrial Manufacturing:<\/strong> PTO shafts are utilized in various industrial manufacturing processes that require power transmission to drive specific machinery and equipment. Industries such as food processing, textile manufacturing, paper production, and chemical processing may use PTO-driven machinery for tasks like mixing, blending, cutting, extruding, and conveying. PTO shafts enable efficient power transfer to these machines, ensuring smooth and reliable operation in industrial manufacturing settings.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. Utilities and Infrastructure Maintenance:<\/strong> PTO shafts find applications in utilities and infrastructure maintenance operations. Equipment like street sweepers, sewer cleaners, road maintenance machines, and drain augers utilize PTO shafts to transfer power from trucks or dedicated power units to perform tasks like sweeping, cleaning, and maintenance of roads, sewers, and other public infrastructure. PTO shafts enable efficient power transmission, ensuring effective and reliable operation of these utility and maintenance machines.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. Others:<\/strong> PTO shafts are also used in several other industries and sectors where power transmission is required. This includes applications in the transportation industry for powering refrigeration units, fuel pumps, and hydraulic systems in trucks and trailers. PTO shafts also find applications in the marine industry for powering winches, pumps, and other equipment on boats and ships.<\/p>\n<p>In summary, PTO shafts are commonly used in a wide range of industries for power transmission. These industries include agriculture, construction and earthmoving, forestry, landscaping and groundskeeping, mining and quarrying, industrial manufacturing, utilities and infrastructure maintenance, transportation, and marine sectors. PTO shafts play a critical rolein enhancing productivity, enabling efficient operation of machinery, and facilitating various tasks in these industries.<br \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.hzpt.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/drive-shaft-l1.webp\" alt=\"China OEM Tractor Parts Star Pto Shaft for Agricultural Tractor  \"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/img.hzpt.com\/img\/Drive-shaft\/drive-shaft-l2.webp\" alt=\"China OEM Tractor Parts Star Pto Shaft for Agricultural Tractor  \"><br \/>editor by CX 2024-03-15<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Product Description Tractor parts star pto shaft for agricultural tractor 1. Tubes or PipesWe&#8217;ve already got Triangular profile tube and Lemon profile tube for all the series we provide.And we have some star tube, splined tube and other profile tubes required by our customers (for a certain series). (Please notice that our catalog doesnt contain [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[67,31,108,415,87,32,156,44,28,45,70,1718,33,35,36,38,39,71,72,416,74,41,42],"class_list":["post-1000","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","tag-agricultural-shaft","tag-for-agricultural-tractor","tag-oem-shaft","tag-oem-tractor-parts","tag-parts-shaft","tag-parts-tractor","tag-pto-parts","tag-pto-shaft","tag-shaft","tag-shaft-pto-shaft","tag-shaft-tractor","tag-star-pto-shaft","tag-tractor","tag-tractor-china","tag-tractor-for","tag-tractor-parts","tag-tractor-parts-agricultural","tag-tractor-pto","tag-tractor-pto-shaft","tag-tractor-pto-shaft-parts","tag-tractor-shaft","tag-tractor-tractor-tractor","tag-tractor-tractor-tractor-tractor"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1000","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1000"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1000\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1000"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1000"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pto-drive-shafts.com\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1000"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}